{"id":76506,"date":"2026-02-10T14:13:38","date_gmt":"2026-02-10T14:13:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/transportjournal.com\/?p=76506"},"modified":"2026-02-10T15:32:40","modified_gmt":"2026-02-10T14:32:40","slug":"le-transport-reste-le-defi-climatique-de-leurope","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/transportjournal.com\/fr\/2026\/02\/10\/le-transport-reste-le-defi-climatique-de-leurope\/","title":{"rendered":"Le transport reste le d\u00e9fi climatique de l’Europe"},"content":{"rendered":"

Selon un rapport publi\u00e9 par l’Agence europ\u00e9enne de l’environnement, les \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre et de polluants restent \u00e9lev\u00e9es, principalement en raison de la d\u00e9pendance persistante au transport routier. Alors que le rail offre une alternative \u00e0 faibles \u00e9missions pour le transport de personnes et de marchandises, le transport routier demeure le secteur dominant.<\/p>\n

Le transport est essentiel pour la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 moderne et l’\u00e9conomie europ\u00e9enne, comme l’indique l’agence environnementale. Il soutient plus de 10 millions d’emplois et contribue \u00e0 environ 5 % du produit int\u00e9rieur brut de l’UE. Cependant, selon le rapport, le secteur des transports est le seul grand domaine o\u00f9 les \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre ont augment\u00e9 depuis 1990. En 2023, le secteur repr\u00e9sentait environ un tiers des \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre de l’UE, le transport routier en ayant la plus grande part.<\/p>\n

D\u00e9fis de la r\u00e9duction des \u00e9missions<\/h3>\n

Les objectifs de l’UE, y compris la neutralit\u00e9 climatique d’ici 2050 et les objectifs environnementaux z\u00e9ro pour 2030, n\u00e9cessitent des mesures globales, comme le r\u00e9v\u00e8le le rapport. Malgr\u00e9 les progr\u00e8s r\u00e9alis\u00e9s dans la r\u00e9duction des \u00e9missions de gaz d’\u00e9chappement par le pass\u00e9, le transport reste un facteur de pression pour l’environnement et l’homme. Les \u00e9missions de certains polluants, tels que l’ammoniac (NH\u2083) et le protoxyde d’azote (N\u2082O), demeurent difficiles \u00e0 r\u00e9duire. De plus, la pollution sonore due au transport affecte des millions de personnes \u00e0 travers l’Europe. Le transport routier domine tant le transport de passagers que de marchandises, comme le souligne le rapport. En 2023, il \u00e9tait responsable de pr\u00e8s des trois quarts des \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre li\u00e9es au transport. Les combustibles fossiles repr\u00e9sentent plus de 90 % de la consommation d’\u00e9nergie.<\/p>\n

En revanche, le transport ferroviaire offre, selon le rapport, une grande efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique et de faibles \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre et de polluants atmosph\u00e9riques. Il constitue une option pour r\u00e9duire l’empreinte \u00e9cologique. Cela est particuli\u00e8rement vrai sur les trajets moyens et longs, comme le souligne l’agence environnementale. N\u00e9anmoins, le r\u00e9seau ferroviaire europ\u00e9en reste fragment\u00e9, et l’int\u00e9gration transfrontali\u00e8re limit\u00e9e restreint sa capacit\u00e9. Dans le transport de marchandises, l’activit\u00e9 ferroviaire a diminu\u00e9 entre 1995 et 2023.<\/p>\n

www.eea.europa.eu<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le secteur des transports demeure le plus grand d\u00e9fi climatique de l’Europe, car les \u00e9missions restent \u00e9lev\u00e9es et le transport routier, domin\u00e9 par les combustibles fossiles, persiste.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":76504,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1580,1587],"tags":[14835,14836,14837,14838,14839,14840,14841,14842,4230,4231,14843,9866,14844,14845,14846,14847,14848,14849,14850,14851,2700,14852,14853,9875,14854,4606,14855,14856,14857,14858,11016,1869,14859,4254,14860,9946,14861,2193,14862,14863,1916,2731,14864,11026,3125,7658,1812,14865,9967],"class_list":["post-76506","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-intermodal-route","category-leurope","tag-agence-environnementale","tag-alternatives-a-faibles-emissions","tag-circulation-routiere","tag-climate-challenge","tag-combustibles-fossiles","tag-cross-border-integration-francais-transport","tag-defi-climatique","tag-deutsch-verkehr","tag-digitalisierung-im-verkehr","tag-digitalization-in-transport","tag-efficacite-energetique-dans-le-transport","tag-emissions-de-gaz-a-effet-de-serre","tag-emissionsarme-alternativen","tag-energieeffizienz-im-verkehr","tag-energy-efficiency-in-transport","tag-environmental-agency","tag-eu-climate-goals","tag-eu-klimaziele","tag-europaeisches-bahnnetz","tag-european-rail-network","tag-fachkraeftemangel-in-der-logistik","tag-fossil-fuels","tag-fossile-brennstoffe","tag-greenhouse-gas-emissions","tag-grenzueberschreitende-integration-english-transport","tag-infrastructure-de-transport","tag-integration-transfrontaliere","tag-klimaherausforderung","tag-laermbelastung","tag-low-emission-alternatives","tag-mobilite-durable","tag-nachhaltige-mobilitaet","tag-noise-pollution","tag-numerisation-dans-le-transport","tag-objectifs-climatiques-de-lue","tag-penurie-de-competences-en-logistique","tag-pollution-sonore","tag-rail-freight-transport","tag-reseau-ferroviaire-europeen","tag-road-traffic","tag-schienengueterverkehr","tag-skills-shortage-in-logistics","tag-strassenverkehr","tag-sustainable-mobility","tag-transport-ferroviaire-de-marchandises","tag-transport-infrastructure","tag-treibhausgasemissionen","tag-umweltagentur","tag-verkehrsinfrastruktur"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLe 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