States obliged to curb ocean pollution
The International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (Itlos) has issued a landmark advisory opinion, clarifying that international law mandates governments to protect marine ecosystems from greenhouse gas emissions, which are considered marine pollution under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (Unclos).
This ruling, sought by small island nations threatened by rising sea levels, asserts that states must prevent, reduce, and control emissions contributing to climate change.
Ocean Care's senior marine and climate scientist, James Kerry, welcomed the ruling, emphasising the need for a precautionary approach, including halting further oil and gas exploration.
The judgment also highlights the obligation of flag states to prevent pollution from ships and stresses the importance of environmental impact assessments. While the opinion is not legally binding, it provides a clear directive to governments and could influence future litigation. (pb)